Should The Residency Status Of Students Affect The Amount...

When it comes to drinking, college goes hand in hand. Or that is the case for a majority of colleges. For almost every state school or university alcohol is present and looked at as something you are supposed to partake in while you are attending. But there are some schools where they require their students to abstain from alcohol consumption. In this study, researches will be conducting an experiment to see if the residency status of students has an effect on the amount of alcohol consumed. By studying the impact of residency status (living on or off campus) at a school that prohibits alcohol consumption among the students, the results of the study may shed light on the effectiveness of forced abstanance from alcohol. A persons will to abstain from alcohol at college is very different from when they were living at home because of one main factor. According to Baer (1994) one primary factor relating to alcohol consumption is their residency status. They live with individuals who are more likely to partake in drinking and persuade others to do so as well. At larger schools the social aspect of fraternaties and sororities is often centered around drinking. Students living with other students, or living in fraternaty and sorority houses are all living away from their parents. Studys have shown that students who live with their parents were less likely to show an increase in drinking according to Cacciola (2014). This could be due to the fact that they are being watched over byShow MoreRelatedThe High Cost of Cheap Labor10249 Words   |  41 PagesCampaigns and Elections, and The Public Interest. His most recent work published by the Center for Immigration Studies includes: Immigration in a Time of Recession: An Examination of Trends Since 2000; Where Immigrants Live: An Examination of State Residency of the Foreign-Born; Back Where We Started: An Examination of Trends in Immigrant Welfare Use Since Welfare Reform; and The Open Door: How Militant Islamic Terrorist s Entered and Remained in the United States, 1993-2001. About the Center TheRead MoreUAE Consumer Lifestyle Analysis42818 Words   |  172 PagesMarital Status 14 Town Or Country 15 Table 3 Population by Age: 2005-2009 15 Table 4 Population by Age: 2010-2020 16 Table 5 Male Population by Age: 2005-2009 16 Table 6 Male Population by Age: 2010-2020 16 Table 7 Female Population by Age: 2005-2009 16 Table 8 Female Population by Age: 2010-2020 17 Table 9 Population by Ethnic Groups: 2005-2009 17 Table 10 Population by Ethnic Groups: 2010-2020 17 Table 11 Population by Marital Status: 2005-2009 17 Table 12 Population by Marital Status: 2010-2020Read More_x000C_Introduction to Statistics and Data Analysis355457 Words   |  1422 PagesWindows is a registered trademark of the Microsoft Corporation used herein under license. Macintosh and Power Macintosh are registered trademarks of Apple Computer, Inc. Used herein under license. 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O. ââ€"   To Carol, Allie, and TeriRead MoreLibrary Management204752 Words   |  820 Pages . . . . . . . 311 Vroom’s Expectancy Theory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 312 Behavior Modification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 314 Goal-Setting Theory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 315 How Should Managers Motivate? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 316 Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 319 14—Leadership. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 321 What Is Leadership? . .Read MoreMarketing Management130471 Words   |  522 Pages(b) the director of an art museum providing new exhibits to generate greater attendance and financial support (c) a labor union marketing its idea to members and to company management; and (d) professors trying to make their courses interesting for students. In addition to the range of items normally considered as products and services, wh at is being marketed might include (a) ideas such as reducing air pollution or contributing to the red cross (b) people, such as new football coach or a politicalRead MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 Pagesand research. The wider the range in the numbers, the more it is grounded in estimates and educated guesses. The most voluminous transoceanic and transcontinental flows came out of Europe. The exodus of 73 million Europeans during this period amounts to the largest global redistribution of human population of any time, and arguably the most significant since the species’ original exodus from Africa insofar as it ushered the modern world and shaped its geography. 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Music Can Help Us Boost Our Abilities And Concentration

Music can help us boost our abilities and concentration. In this article we have chosen 8 most important questions how music affects brain. Image Credit 1. Can music make us happier? Music is as much expressive as normal human language. Since music carries much more powerful emotional charge than the real-life events, modern psychologists use it for the therapy. It can be explained by positive impact on the human nervous system. Emotions that rise during the process of listening to the music can be divided into two types - perceived and felt. This means that a person is able to understand the mood of a piece of music, even if he had never experienced such feelings in real life. So, when someone is in depression, happy music only makes it worse. On the contrary, sad music makes a person fell better. 2. How the background noise affects the quality of the work? When you doing something routinely and boring you just put on the headphones, expose the desired volume, select the desired playlist and press a button  «play ». Wherever, when it comes to work that requires activation of the right hemisphere (to do something creative), loud music is unlikely to help. As it turned out, the average noise level is a catalyst for creativity. The background noise stimulated abstract thinking and boost creativity. That is why public places such as cafes, summer playgrounds and parks are so attracted for creative people. When the noise level is too high it overloads the human brainShow MoreRelatedEffects of Music on the Mind1350 Words   |  6 PagesEffects of Music on the Mind The study of how music affects the mind has been a subject of interest for many. The interconnection between music and the physical and mental health of human beings has been researched on since long. Research has concluded that music does have positive effects on our mind. It has the power of healing certain ailments. Indian classical music has been found to have the strongest healing powers. Music has a calming effect on the mind. It is known to speed the recoveryRead MoreThe Healing Power of Music Essay960 Words   |  4 PagesUsually, when one considers what they can do to fight off a cold, relieve pain, or alleviate mental illness, the first things that comes to mind may be to take over-the-counter drugs or prescribed medications. However, the cure to these and many other infirmities may be found within your own ipod. Music, in its many forms, can and should be used as a healing instrument. While it may not completely alleviate the need for drugs, its possible that music therap y could accompany medical drug use in orderRead MoreStress Relief for College Students1233 Words   |  5 Pageslong term and builds up it can be a problem. It can be detrimental to your mental and physical health. Stress can cause things to happen with your body such as a high blood pressure, headaches, stomach ulcers, weaker immune system, muscle and joint pain and more. (â€Å"Effects of Stress†, May 2013, para. 2) It can also affect you mentally such as it makes you more tired, you become more frustrated, your personality can change, more anger and many more problems. (para 2) It can even lead to having a panicRead MoreThe Flavored Of Music And Exercise1668 Words   |  7 PagesConcoction of Music and Exercise Music has a greater impact in our lives than we realize. Music is everywhere we go and is listened to on a daily basis, which affects us in different ways. Music is incorporated into different aspects of living such as a work environment, sports games, while studying, in the car, or while doing exercise. Incorporating music into exercise has been proven to make exercising in any environment more fun, boost one’s mood, increasing motivation, and varying heart rateRead MoreBrain Training970 Words   |  4 Pagesit or lose it† applies to more than just the muscles in our bodies -- it also applies to the neural pathways and connections in our brains. There are a variety of exercises and activities that can successfully work each of the brain’s five major cognitive functions on a daily basis. In addition to the tasks you can perform daily, you can also train your brain with HAPPYneuron online brain games and a personalized brain fitness program. Our minds consist of five main cognitive functions: †¢ memoryRead MoreSimple Steps to Keeping Your Mind Sharp600 Words   |  3 Pagesconstant occurrences can be alarming. Memory lapses can occur at any age, like unable to recall a familiar name during a conversation or can’t remember what you should be getting in the closet. 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One of the most recent and remembered of theseRead MoreLaughter And Music Can Give You Overall Better Health3116 Words   |  13 PagesHow Laughter and Music can give you overall better health Laughter and music are very important in many people’s lives. Whether it is a funny joke, seeing something that’s amusing, or starting the day listening to a favorite song, Laughter and music can make a person feel good. Not many people realize the health benefits that come with laughter and music; both can affect a person’s health in a positive way. This research paper will explain the ways that both laughter and music can affect the way one’sRead MoreSocial Inequality And Its Impact On Academic Achievement1560 Words   |  7 PagesThe American Dream is built on one thing, social mobility. It is this that allowed one to come here with nothing and go from poor to middle class and beyond. It is what has defined us as a nation for so long and it is what drew so many of millions of immigrants to our shores. But as the social wealth gap grows larger and larger we must ask ourselves where this opportunity has gone for so many. Why is it that so many are faili ng to achieve this once so imaginable dream? What is causing the decreaseRead MoreMusic And Music Therapy ( N.a.m.t ) Essay1826 Words   |  8 PagesMusical Therapy   Ã‚  Ã‚   â€Å"Music, even in situations of the greatest of horror, should never be painful to the ear but should flatter and charm it, and thereby always remain music.† (Mozart). Music is pervasive in everyday life. It is used as a means of communication. It allows us to better oneself, and continues to be an outlet for creativity that is ever changing in this era. The use of music in a therapy session dates back to ancient times and has even been discovered in ancient biblical scriptures

Being a Volunteer Free Essays

One year ago I knew almost nothing about this word and it meant almost nothing for me. But this summer I had great, as I think, experience of voluntary working in an international work-camp. Now every time I hear the word â€Å"volunteer† I recall two really interesting and full of events weeks in a country with an magnificent name – Montenegro. We will write a custom essay sample on Being a Volunteer or any similar topic only for you Order Now Here, in my composition, I could tell you about this camp, about the country and its culture, about the work we did. But I’d like to tell you about being a volunteer in international work-camps itself.Further you can find my thoughts about it and about why people take part in such projects based on my own experience. First of all, what is an international work-camp? This is a project within the bounds of which young people from different countries gather together in some country and do some society-useful work for no money. The work can range from restoration of build-ings to teaching local children English. The work is unpaid so you can ask: â€Å"Why do they do this? This work is, of course, useful for society, but it’s useful for another’s country society not for their own coun-try’s. There can’t be the only answer for such a question, every person, who once was a volunteer, has his or her own reason for it. I’d like to start with description of most popular reasons and then tell you my own ones. I think everybody agrees that most of young people like traveling a lot. They want to see many different countries, to know their cultures. This is a well-known fact. But how they are going to do it is a matter of a choice. There’s a wide variety of ways but not everybody can afford to go on holidays every time somewhere abroad or to take studies abroad. So you can save your money by being a volunteer. Because you have to pay only for getting to the place where a project is or-ganized and you’ll be provided with free food and free accommodation for working 3-5 hours a day. Another reason is quite obvious. It springs from an original purpose of any voluntary activity – some people really care of poor children in the middle of nowhere, for example, in Africa or Latin America, and some people are really concerned about environment pollution.Next reason is the fact that such camp is a great opportunity to know culture of a country where camp is organized. Usually camps are located in small towns or even in the villages. While living there you can communicate with locals who are, usually, more friendly than inhabitants of big cities and who will tell you a lot of things about their country, who can prepare some national meals for you and so on. As for me, I have a mix of all these and not only these reasons.While thinking over an opportunity to take part in such a project I thought: â€Å"Why not to go there? I could practice my English, because it’s a work-language of any work-camp. I could find new friends there; because not everybody agrees to work for no money, and it means that we already have something that can make us friends. And I won’t need lots of money. † And now I can say that I was right! Work-camp is a place for communication. You have to socialize with everybody there, you have to be very friendly there if you don’t want to be alone for two weeks.During the project we discussed really different topics from our own lives to chances of Turkey to be accepted to EU. That’s was great two weeks. I’m absolutely sure if I have an opportunity to take such a project one more time I will do it. I’d like to go to some countries I like and for me this is one of the best ways to do it. And I hope that one day group of young people from all over the world will go to Baikal to a work-camp and will spend there marvelous time. How to cite Being a Volunteer, Papers

Analyse Role Of A Success Clinical Leader In Healthcare Profession

Question: Discuss about the Analyse Role Of A Success Clinical Leader In The Healthcare Profession. Answer: Health care is a complex system which involves a large number of individuals and organisations. In order to function effectively the clinicians are required to understand these inter-connected complex pathways and systems of care. Moreover, they must also remain comfortable while working both with and within, these inter-regulated systems for the overall benefit of the patients. The following essays aims to in order make effective change in practise and improvement of the quality of care while working in sync with different organisations and group of professionals. Overview of different styles of leadership According to Gleeson (2018), effective leadership is an integral part of any organisations and not all the situations demands same leadership styles. The leaders adapt changes in the leadership styles based on the surrounding environments and thereby empower the team to succeed. Some of the unique approach of leadership styles as stated by Gleeson (2018) is illustrated below in tabular format Having faith in your beliefs Making hard choices Earning respect of the team members: Not taking all the credits Knowing the team from the core: Recognising talents Recognising the members of the team as the key towards success: Extracting the best from the team Having a clear and articulate vision Pushing the members of the team to achieve their best: Cultivating an Environment for growth Serving for a greater cause Focusing on helping the members of the team: education, motivation and delegation Never to lead by force: Leading by example and inspiring without intimidation Table: Traits of an effective leader (Source: Gleeson 2018) Clinical leadership in nursing According to the reports published by the National Health Service (NHS), Institute of Innovation and Improvement (2011), the health systems round the world is gradually grappling with the task of delivering system-wide evidence based approach, person centred care along with effective and efficient mode of care models. Clinical leadership particularly in the domain ofnursing profession is proposed to be an integral pillar towards reaching this potential goal (NHS Leadership Academy 2013). According to Ogrin and Barrett (2015), there is no definite definition of clinical leadership however role of a clinical leader summarise to the process of developing a culturally competent environment and then leading a set of tasks for continuous improvements of the quality and safety of service delivery model of healthcare to the service consumers. Effective mode of clinical leadership encompasses individuals with accurate skills and traits at all spheres of the organisation along with prime focus on the multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary service delivery model Ogrin and Barrett (2015). According to Ogrin and Barrett (2015), the nurses who are under the formal leadership position like the nurse managers are of the opinion that the clinical leadership attributes they required in their roles fall under the three main areas namely personal attributes, team attributes and capabilities. Personal attributes Having sound confidence in the ability of self to procure best practise Nimble in the domain of effective communication Emotional intelligence Team attributes Encouragement of trust and commitment among the team members via valuing skills and expertise of others. Increasing the focus of the team members Capabilities Building and maintaining steady relationships among the team members Encouraging contribution from other members of the team Creating a clear direction of progress and ability to serve as a role model My perspective in clinical leadership innursing is solely based on the Clinical Leadership Competency Framework of NHS Leadership Academy. According to NHS, the core traits that must be executed among the a clinical leader innursing profession is demonstration of personal qualities, working with others, managing services, improving services and setting directions. All these traits highlighted by the NHS under clinicalleadership in nursing profession related with the core principles of the leadership models and thus can be prove to be effective in achieving desired quality outcomes. Leadership characteristics influencing practise change in quality improvement The importance of the application of effective clinical leadership in order to ensure quality health care system that constantly provides efficient and safe care has been restricted in the domain of the scholarly literature only an in other reports of the governmental publications. At present, commission, inquiries and reports have promoted the engagement of the clinician and clinical leadership as the principal pillar of achieving along with sustaining the improvement in the domain of quality care patient safety (Daly et al. 2014). According to Ogrin and Barrett (2015) organisations are now beginning to embrace the model of clinical leadership in order to improve the quality of care. According to Ennis, Happell and Reid?Searl (2015), clinical leadership helps in the quality improvement via reinforcing the importance of delivering individualised evidenced-based care model to the clients. Research have demonstrated that the model of clinical leadership can lead towards the possible ga teway of improved outcomes with more positive experience coming from the consumers of the health care and thereby contributing towards the recruitment and retention of the nursing staffs. According to Davidson, Elliott and Daly (2006), effective clinical leaders use confident and calm approach under clinical situations. This type of approach helps to achieve positive clinical outcomes on the patients along under crisis situations or other unplanned events under the healthcare settings. This improvement of the outcome during the crisis situation helps to increase the overall quality of the health-care model. Swanwick and McKimm (2011) opined that execution of the clinical leadership models that vouches for the confident and clam approach during the emergency situation helps in the establishment of effective therapeutic leadership and thereby promoting effectiveness of the output of the multidisciplinary team and thereby helping to improve the overall health outcome of the patients. I n the domain of health improving the health outcome, Swanwick and McKimm (2011) opined that comprehensive healthcare cannot be delivered by a single healthcare professionals but demands a complex systems working in concert that both tenured and novice healthcare professionals. Thus one-to-one clinical leadership is not enough; quality care involves effective participation of multidisciplinary team along with assistance from the trainee professionals. This comprehensive support apart from improving the overall health outcomes also facilitated proving effective training with the newly enrolled healthcare professionals and thereby helping to upgrade the system as a whole. This gives an evidence towards teaching of nursing leadership from the perspectives of management. Ennis, Happell and Reid?Searl (2015) further opined that clinical leadership is also proved to be effective in procuring quality mental health. Effective clinical leaders enrolled under the mental health nursing can faci litate more positive environment and thus potentially contributing both the patients and the newly enrolled nurse to develop positive attitudes towards the care plan and the services being offered. However, the NHS in UK is now focusing on empowerment of the clinicians and the front line employees in order to refine their decision making capabilities via working in unison with sharing of information via active communication (Ogrin and Barrett 2015). Davidson, Elliott and Daly (2006) further stated that systematic strategic initiatives are important in order to develop effective clinical leadership model. These systematic strategic strategies are required to be undertaken under collegial collaborations between the health care and the academic sectors and thus helping to provide united strength for making advancement in the nursing profession. Critical analysis of the interview In order to enquire more detailed about how leadership characteristics can influence practice change, and what are the important traits of the clinical leaders in the healthcare organisations, I have interviewed two nurses with experience in nursing leadership (the interview question are provided in the appendix). Response to first question In response to the first question nurse (1) replied, First of all, I would like to say that I admired my on-job trainer as my leader role model in my nursing profession and the main trait executed by her which I admired most is working effectively with others as a team. I think this attitude of her helped in building and maintaining relationships with the other members of the teams and thereby helping to deliver quality service along with increasing the team bonding. I think what nurse (1) opined in relation to question 1 is absolutely relevant in the domain of clinical leadership model. According to NHS Institute of Innovation and Improvement (2011), it is the duty of the healthcare professionals to execute leadership via developing networks via working in partnership with their representatives, colleagues, patients, carers, service users. This in turn helps to improve the quality of service and at the same time helps to promote sharing of information among the resources. It also he lps to create opportunities to bringing individuals or group of individuals together in order to achieve a defined set of goals and thus explaining the qualities of exemplary nurse leaders. Though nurse (1) have only state her comments based on her perspective of the subordinated working under the leader, it also has an emotional intelligence approach. According to Tomey (2009), creating association with the patients and their family of carers help to develop care plan through informed decision-making. In response to question (1), nurse (2) came up with that one of th'e important traits of her role model of nursing leadership is setting directions. She said that, My role model as a leader was able to identify the contexts for change and this he used to do via anticipating and preparing for the future consequences via scanning for new ideas along with best practices and emerging trends that will helpful to cast an significant impact on health outcomes. He also used to apply the knowledge and evidence-based approach towards framing the care plan while influencing others to make proper use of the knowledge and evidence to achieve the best possible results. I thing, the issues highlighted by nurse (1) extremely evident in the present days scenario. This is because, according to DiCenso, Guyatt and Ciliska (2014), application of evidence-based approach is an unique approach in nursing care as it provides the nurse with new tools for evaluating the nursing literature and clinical scenari os and then developing the care plan based on that approach. Thus, this aspect of clinical leadership helps in the improvement of the literature based knowledge of the healthcare professionals and thereby helping them to devise the care plan in accordance to the prevailing outcomes and standards. Melnyk et al. (2012) further opined that nurse leaders or the educators must provide opportunities regarding the EBP while facilitating supportive culture to achieve effective clinical decision making. Response to second question In response to second question, nurse (1) is of the opinion that she as a nursing leader always try to work effectively with her team members. She said that, I always try to work along with my team members in order to improve the overall service. She also said that the first thing which I keep in mind while working in unison with my team members is ensuring the safety of my patients while critically evaluating the vital parameter of the patients health outcomes. She also stressed over the fact that while working in with her team members she always encourages improvement and innovation. She said that, It is the role of a leader to encourage innovative approach among the team mates and this helps to increase the participation among the team members while increasing the increase in the flow of the effective information and thereby helping to increase the overall health outcomes. As per my understanding, the main clinical leadership model practise by nurse (1) is improvement of the overa ll service delivery via encouraging effective participation of the team members and effective flow of the information. According to Weng et al. (2015), it is the duty of the leader to promote learning and developmental opportunities via creating and promoting opportunities for colleagues. This will in turn help to generate open debatable ideas and there encouraging change, and improvement in practise. Moreover, an efficient clinical leader must systematically appraise the evolving practise via acknowledging the team members who have given effective contribution towards framing of that practise. This in turn will help to earn respect from the team members as taking all the credit may demotivate or generate unrest among the subordinate team members. Nurse (2) also opined that towards the improvement of the quality of care, she trains and subordinates locally and engages them under local networks to practice and publicise good practise thus improving effective treatment. As per opinion her clinical leadership model as an influence of the transformational leadership in nursing profession. According to Weng et al. (2015) the role of the transformational leadership is to foster nursing innovation via improvement in the organizational climate. Her aspect of the leadership model facilitated transformation and thus further providing the reference of transformational leadership model in her clinical leadership framework. However, she did not highlight the strategies that she undertakes in order to review patient satisfaction. According to Martin et al. (2012) under the domain of clinical leadership, it is the role of the leader to consult with the senior colleagues to review the patient satisfaction in order to develop strategies for implementing and thereby managing innovative solutions within the organizations. Nurse (2) opined she apply her clinical leadership skills towards managing the service in an effective manner. Via managing the service, she opined that she manages her people, available resources along with the management of the performance. I think, this is another important attribute of the nursing leader under the clinical practice. This is because as per the findings of the NHS (2011), it is the duty of the member of the management team towards contributing development of the business and this development of business in healthcare is achieved via initiating along with proper collaboration and ola ning of service improvement projects. Response to third question In response to third question both nurse (1) and nurse (2) said that their leadership approach towards under the ethics of the clinical leadership model framework helps in comprehensive management of the recourses and thereby helping to manage the performance. They also said that the proper management of the performance is done via critical evaluation of the service procured and this helped them to bring further improvement and innovation into the overall system. I think, what they have opined is indeed significant towards bringing a crucial practice change in the health care system but according to Gantz et al. (2012), further setting of goals and pushing members of the team towards more improved outcomes along with helping them to work in unison in a confident and compose manner will help to critically manage the crisis situation. Moreover, I also feel that they must also not preach leadership via force and must practice leadership via inspiring without intimidations as this will i ncrease the sense of participation and satisfaction. Thus from the above discussion it can be concluded that the practise of clinical leadership helps to impose proper practise change in the healthcare organisations and thereby helping to improve the quality of care among the patients and the family of carers. However, from the interview it is evident that the nursing leader must further emphasise on the more improved outcomes via asking their team members to work under calm, composed and confident manner and thereby improving the overall health outcomes during the crisis situation. References Daly, J., Jackson, D., Mannix, J., Davidson, P. and Hutchinson, M., 2014. The importance of clinical leadership in the hospital setting.Journal of Healthcare Leadership. Davidson, P.M., Elliott, D. and Daly, J., 2006. Clinical leadership in contemporary clinical practice: implications for nursing in Australia.Journal of Nursing Management,14(3), pp.180-187. DiCenso, A., Guyatt, G. and Ciliska, D., 2014.Evidence-Based Nursing-E-Book: A Guide to Clinical Practice. Elsevier Health Sciences. Ennis, G., Happell, B. and Reid?Searl, K., 2015. Clinical leadership in mental health nursing: The importance of a calm and confident approach.Perspectives in psychiatric care,51(1), pp.57-62. Gantz, N.R., Sherman, R., Jasper, M., Choo, C.G., HERRIN?GRIFFITH, D.O.N.N.A. and Harris, K., 2012. Global nurse leader perspectives on health systems and workforce challenges.Journal of Nursing Management,20(4), pp.433-443. Gleeson. B., 2018. 10 Unique Perspectives On What Makes A Great Leader. Forbes. Access date: 6th April. Retrieved from: https://www.forbes.com/sites/brentgleeson/2016/11/09/10-unique-perspectives-on-what-makes-a-great-leader/2/# Martin, J.S., McCormack, B., Fitzsimons, D. and Spirig, R., 2012. Evaluation of a clinical leadership programme for nurse leaders.Journal of Nursing Management,20(1), pp.72-80. Melnyk, B.M., Fineout-Overholt, E., Gallagher-Ford, L. and Kaplan, L., 2012. The state of evidence-based practice in US nurses: critical implications for nurse leaders and educators.Journal of Nursing Administration,42(9), pp.410-417. NHS Institute of Innovation and Improvement., 2011. Clinical Leadership Competency Framework. NHS Leadership Academy. Access date: 6th April. Retrieved from: https://www.leadershipacademy.nhs.uk/wp-content/uploads/2012/11/NHSLeadership-Leadership-Framework-Clinical-Leadership-Competency-Framework-CLCF.pdf NHS Leadership Academy., 2013. Healthcare Leadership Model: The nine dimensions of leadership behaviour. Version: 1.0 Access date: 6th April. Retrieved from: https://www.leadershipacademy.nhs.uk/wp-content/uploads/2014/10/NHSLeadership-LeadershipModel-colour.pdf Ogrin, R. and Barrett, E., 2015. Clinical leadership and nursing.Australian Nursing and Midwifery Journal,23(2), p.45. Swanwick, T. and McKimm, J., 2011. What is clinical leadership and why is it important?.The clinical teacher,8(1), pp.22-26. Tomey, A.M., 2009. Nursing management and leadership.USA: Mosby Elsevier. Weng, R.H., Huang, C.Y., Chen, L.M. and Chang, L.Y., 2015. Exploring the impact of transformational leadership on nurse innovation behaviour: A cross?sectional study.Journal of nursing management,23(4), pp.427-439.

Models for International Business

Introduction In the current age of globalization and its impact on businesses, organizations are growingly embracing business internationalization as a strategic way of succeeding in the global market. In fact, companies have adopted different approaches to globalization so that they could gain competitive advantage in new international market and tremendously improve their financial performance outcomes.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Models for International Business specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The management teams of business organizations cannot ignore globalization, which explains their focus in developing global strategies guided by international business models (Schott 647). There have been shifts in international business as emerging markets increase their influence at the global stage. In addition, intense competition in local markets have made business establishments shift to global markets. Major international business organizations indicate a change of trend in global business, which would eventually result in economic power shift. Consequently, most organizations, both small and big increasingly evaluate the potential of international markets and implement strategies to facilitate global expansion. The retail industry is among those expanding at a high rate and saturation as well as increasing competition in the traditional markets highlights the need for international expansion. The current study focuses on the internationalization strategies adopted by Wal-Mart in its expansion to emerging markets under the three main models for international business. Wal-Mart – organizational background Wal-Mart is the leading multination organization in the retail industry with its headquarters in the United States. With annual revenue of more than $421 billion and sustained profitability, the company has a substantial financial basis to pursue its internationalization strateg ies. The company employees over 2 million employees worldwide, the company is the biggest employer in the private sector. The high number of employees and excellent financial results demonstrate that the firm has successfully utilized international business models to enter new international markets. Sam Walton founded the company in 1962 with a mission of selling products to customers at a discount to enable them lead a better life. The expansion of the company was based on establishing stores in small towns initially and grew to its current multinational status. Currently, the company has operations in more than fifteen countries in the developed and developing regions. The growth strategy of the company resulted in rapid expansion over the years and the internalization models have been vital in ensuring success in the global markets (Schott 648).Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn M ore Models for business internationalization and application in Wal-Mart The current analysis of Wal-Mart’s internationalization is based on the three major models. These are the stage (Upsalla) model, the network model of internationalization and the transactional cost analysis model (Doherty and Tranchell 166). The Stage (Uppsalla) model The model was developed by Swedish researchers in 1970. The researchers were based at the University of Upsalla, and they focused their research studies on Swedish manufacturing companies. According to the model, the underlying principle of an organization’s decision-making process is the objective of achieving sustainable growth and profitability through strategic development when working under the lowest risk levels. Through the model, Wal-Mart and other multinationals choose the market for expansion and mode of entry. Expansion approaches enable companies to identify untapped markets, which could be used to increase their revenu es. The mode of entry that firms utilize to establish themselves in new markets is essential because it helps to project the future performance outcomes in the new markets. The model advocates for business internationalization to begin from the nearest markets because it is easy to understand the opportunities and operate at low-risk levels (Doherty and Tranchell 166). The model considers psychic distance, which refers to variations in the political system, language and culture. The model guides the company in choosing the entry method such as direct exportation, licensing, joint venturing and having fully owned subsidiaries. Other entry methods are vital with successive approaches in ensuring success. In moving to international markets, the company makes three major considerations. First, is the level of market commitment, which determines the level of resources invested in the new market. Second, the company considers the general knowledge, which the company can use in establishin g business in the international market. This has been possible considering the company’s long term experience through operations on other international markets. Third, the company considers human resources capabilities and another resource capacity to improve knowledge levels, creating more value and ensuring stronger commitment (Schott 649).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Models for International Business specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The transactional cost analysis model According to this model transactional processes are the main determinants in business internationalization. Using this approach, business expansion to the global market continues to the level where there is a balance between internal and external cost of doing the transaction. Using this model, the minimization of cost is at the center of every decision made for expansion. In its internationalization strategies, the company integrat es processes to its internal structure as a way of minimizing transaction costs. The analysis process considers aspects of market searching, contracting, monitoring and enforcement of the internationalization, which contribute to the overall transaction costs. The company considers costs going to the search process, which includes the collection of information to determine and analyze possible export intermediaries. Contacting cost considered include negotiating and formalizing of business agreements between the company and its international markets. Monitoring costs result from monitoring the internationalization agreement to ensure that every requirement is fulfilled. Enforcement costs result from ensuring the actual implementation and managing for reluctant partners in implementing internationalization agreement. The network model of internationalization The network model on business internationalization portrays the global industry comprising of other organizations involved in t he production distribution and consumption of products and services. In the network, organizations are connected to one another through the exchange of goods and services. In other words, the model asserts that no company could thrive in an international market without relying on the products and/or services of other organizations. The basis for analysis in the network is the transaction between firms. Indeed, in its expansion, Wal-Mart relies on the wider network to get resources some of which are controlled by other stakeholders and need effective coordination for expansion to be effective. Effective coordination between companies results in mutual interactions to achieve positive sustainable growth and survival in the business. The network model for internationalization highlights major aspects that link companies in the global market, such as technical, cognitive, legal, social, administrative and economic factors (Doherty and Tranchell 166).Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Considering these factors the company commits significant resources, time and effort to establish effective relationships. There are direct and indirect associations between firms. Direct relations are for those firms that have actual transaction interactions. Indirect relationships are with the firms that interact with organizational counterparts (Schott 650). As indicated in the discussion, a company interacts with others from micro positions, with specific partners and macro positions, with the whole network. Over the years, business internationalization defined Wal-Mart’s position in various markets, its integration and strength in the market. In this regard, the company achieves internationalization of the organization through three major ways namely direct international extension, penetration and international integration. Additional insights Additional insights on models of business internationalization are drawn from the article, New thinking in international trade? A case study of the Day Chocolate Company, which indicates the importance of ensuring stakeholders benefit from the company’s international expansion. Just as the three models propose, the company considers the cocoa farmers as strategic shareholders and equity owners in the organization. The subsequent good relationships result in improved status of farmers and the sustained growth achieved by the organization. Critical insights drawn from the article is the significance of placing strategic partners at the center of organizations expanding to international markets. The article U.S. Apparel Retailers ’ International Expansion: an Application of the Uppsala Model, â€Å"elucidates the U.S. apparel retailers’ internationalization by proposing a theoretical framework that incorporates the antecedents of U.S. apparel retail firms’ international market involvement and investigating the effects of international activities on firm performance†. Implicatio ns for business internationalization The analysis of models for business internationalization using the case of Wal-Mart has several implications for business internalization in general. Top of the implication is the need for managers to combine practical experience and theoretical perspectives in the business globalization strategies (Doherty and Tranchell 166). Through the theoretical models, organizations learn critical lessons about internationalization by understanding the socio-economic and cultural factors in the new mew markets. The corporate center should take part in the implementation of expansion strategies, and organizational management, particularly the chief executive officer should engage with other partners directs or indirectly to achieve the benefits of business internationalization. Indeed, while companies have different ways of expanding to new markets, internationalization models indicate the need of engaging stakeholders to achieve sustainable growth in the ne w countries. As the internationalization models indicate, involving everyone in the expansion process enhances transparency and provides organizations with ways of managing potential implications on business operations. More importantly, the models emphasize on the importance of keeping in mind long term objectives of the company while addressing immediate objectives. Conclusion Globalization resulted in transformation in the conventional aspects of international relations and the business sector responded particularly well with many organizations expanding to international markets. From the analysis of models for business internationalization using Wal-Mart as the case study, the study examined three major models namely the stage, transactional cost analysis and the network models. Considering the heavy investment of financial, human and other resources, the models provide vital insights to guide organizations in developing and executing their internationalization strategies. Using the models for business internationalization, companies have a broader picture of factors that determine success or failure in the international market. The factors to consider in internationalization include market size and potential for growth, competition intensity, political and legal factors, the GDP, population distribution in the rural and urban areas as well as the socio-cultural environment. From the case of Wal-Mart, the company implemented its internationalization strategies based on guidelines of the models, which made the company hugely successful in most of the markets entered. The insights provided from analyzing the models and the case of Wal-Mart have major implication for the company and other intending to implement internationalization businesses. Works Cited Doherty, B., and Sophi T. â€Å"New thinking in international trade? A case study of The Day Chocolate Company.† Sustainable Development 13.3 (2005): 166-176. Print. Schott, Peter K. â€Å"Across-pro duct versus within-product specialization in international trade.† The Quarterly Journal of Economics 119.2 (2004): 647-678. Print. This essay on Models for International Business was written and submitted by user Abbey Ramsey to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Free Essays on Black Music

Black Music in America: A History Through Its People Tahirah Carter by James Haskins Intro to Music I have definitely learned allot about the Evolution of American Music in this class. I found it to be very intriguing. So when I was faced with the chore of deciding which book I would do my report on, I chose Black Music in America by James Haskins. This book gave a detailed account of not only the music genres but it’s performers. We already know that American music is made up of music from many different types of ethnic backgrounds. What gives this book a plus is that it highlights some other aspects of American music, and its performers. The items and events that really caught my attention were the concert singing, Minstrelsies, Jubilee songs, and brass bands. Born as a slave, a girl by the name of Elizabeth Greenfield moved to Philadelphia. She moved there with her Mistress and her parents. Luckily while in Philadelphia they were set free. At the age of forty-two she moved to buffalo New York in order to embark onto new opportunities as a singer. When she reached New York opportunity came knocking. She began a career of concert singing. With a range of three and one quarter octaves you would think that opportunity kept knocking, but it didn’t. Therefore she moved to Europe where she would get the attention and credit that was due to her. While in Europe Elizabeth was shown great appreciation for he talent? Even Queen Victoria demanded that she performed for her at the Buckingham Palace. On the account of Elizabeth doing so well in Europe, She gained newfound popularity in the states. As you see, it wasn’t easy for blacks to make a living in the U.S. That forced blacks to either perform in Europe or the northern states of the U.S.. Some blacks even had to resort to performing in Minstrelsies. Minstrelsies started out as an avenue for whites that were trying to embark on new and exciting culture. At this time America was free fro... Free Essays on Black Music Free Essays on Black Music Black Music in America: A History Through Its People Tahirah Carter by James Haskins Intro to Music I have definitely learned allot about the Evolution of American Music in this class. I found it to be very intriguing. So when I was faced with the chore of deciding which book I would do my report on, I chose Black Music in America by James Haskins. This book gave a detailed account of not only the music genres but it’s performers. We already know that American music is made up of music from many different types of ethnic backgrounds. What gives this book a plus is that it highlights some other aspects of American music, and its performers. The items and events that really caught my attention were the concert singing, Minstrelsies, Jubilee songs, and brass bands. Born as a slave, a girl by the name of Elizabeth Greenfield moved to Philadelphia. She moved there with her Mistress and her parents. Luckily while in Philadelphia they were set free. At the age of forty-two she moved to buffalo New York in order to embark onto new opportunities as a singer. When she reached New York opportunity came knocking. She began a career of concert singing. With a range of three and one quarter octaves you would think that opportunity kept knocking, but it didn’t. Therefore she moved to Europe where she would get the attention and credit that was due to her. While in Europe Elizabeth was shown great appreciation for he talent? Even Queen Victoria demanded that she performed for her at the Buckingham Palace. On the account of Elizabeth doing so well in Europe, She gained newfound popularity in the states. As you see, it wasn’t easy for blacks to make a living in the U.S. That forced blacks to either perform in Europe or the northern states of the U.S.. Some blacks even had to resort to performing in Minstrelsies. Minstrelsies started out as an avenue for whites that were trying to embark on new and exciting culture. At this time America was free fro...

Performing critique Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Performing critique - Assignment Example It is common sense to conserve the environment, but this brings about the involvement of other resources from the political structures, independent bodies, and the entire cultural community. The utilization of other dimensions of environmental sustainability is the responsibility of every government. This article critiques the underlying reasons as to why Prime Minister Abbott’s administration decided to scrap out major environmental programs, funds and bodies to reassure of the entire world of Australia’s commitment to conserve the environment. The paper critique indicates that the social advocacies in the country and environmentalists are creating a new parallel government, the â€Å"Government of the Environment† against the administrative government in Australia. This blog qualifies as a critique as it underpins the normal aspects through new perspectives, all addressing environmentalism. On a global point of view, all governments all have departments or ministries of Environment, but are they there per se, to satisfy all entities of a democratic government or are they functional? Human existence is surrounded by the physical environment but threatened by the human environment. The existence of the world in indebted to the incredible resources and ambience provided by the physical environment, but this receipt has attracted a harsh idiosyncratic gratitude from the entire human population. Destroyed it, showing our grateful side to free resources. Since the first civilizations, the environment was an important ent ity that defined the social civilizations. It helped first peoples identify their activities and characteristics. 2 A new ideology then emerged on the conservation of the environment, developing the philosophical aspects of environmentalism. Popular sayings and practices of planting two trees after cutting one and overall conservation of the environment have since then lead on into the 21st century. Towards the

Personal statement(Business Economics Msc) Why do you want to study Statement

(Business Economics Msc) Why do you want to study this course and how will it help you in your future aspirations - Personal Statement Example I have always had a passion in the world of business and economics, and that is the reason I follow economic issues through the media. Every day that passes, we are all exposed to a lot of financial information from different sources such as mass media and the Internet. The information presented in these sources only represents a section of issues that make up the economy. Economic information seems hard and vague to be understood by persons without advanced education in economics. It is critical to understand economic issues in order to make wise decisions in life and the world of business. I consider that Economics will help me develop an understanding of what is becoming a single global market. I firmly believe that my knowledge in Economics must be enhanced by enrolling in a master program in order to adapt quickly in this area of learning. When one understands how the economy works, one will be in a position to make investment decisions and teach other people about the same. With this in mind, the significance of economy in people’s lives has compelled me to believe that having a masters degree in Business Economics would be valuable for my future career and decision- making. I think a Masters in Business Economics will challenge me to understand how significant the economy of a nation can be, and how it can recover from the chaotic situation it encounters today. A learned person in Economics can identify the issues that affect the economy and help to fix them in a timely manner. A Master in Business Economics is an ideal program for my ambitions because of the steps I want to make in my career. The program will help me build on my skills and knowledge that will appeal to employers. A Master in Business Economics will help me gain very marketable knowledge to help the economy of my country. The knowledge gained after pursuing this program will be critical in helping business

Identify the Claim 99.9% of Proper Grammar is Obsolete - CS2 Case Study

Identify the Claim 99.9% of Proper Grammar is Obsolete - CS2 - Case Study Example bject-verb agreement, capital letters, etc is still being followed by main stream publications but it is not the case outside of such environments where correct use of grammar has already started decaying. Sentences structured carefully are disappearing on the internet. As users are getting acquainted of each other’s vocabulary, proper grammar is deteriorating. He recognizes that there is a tendency of feeding customized â€Å"Internet Speak† that is developing among those on the internet. The grammar on formal websites still follows the traditional laid out rules, emails are starting to see a condensed version and instant messaging is even worse. The reason for this is rooted in the belief that expertise is not a necessity and is a waste of money and time. He cites the example of existence of many civilizations for centuries. Also proper use of grammar does not solve any problem as many cannot read at a collegiate level. The author then goes on to sarcastically criticize such form of writing as saying that he wonders how such messages are legible (Wertheimer, 2002). He says that on examining any message, even be it from a CEO, many grammatical errors can be found. He points out the reason why such messages have been working. In the last few years as the use of internet has increased, users have not only tolerated such abuse of grammar but encouraged such styles in order reply to messages as soon as they receive it. Need for speed is the reason behind this development. Punctuating and capitalizing is just a loss of time. Hence the need to be fast has lead to this condensing of sentencing and in turn grammar. One of the examples that author gives is the use of â€Å"g2g† which means â€Å"got to go†. The author goes on to explain that languages demand perfectionism by being grammatically correct but this is not the case on the internet. A communication’s effectiveness is dependent on the speed of the communication. Longer the sentence is slower the process and

Human Resource Management And Equal Opportunities Commerce Essay

Human Resource Management And Equal Opportunities Commerce Essay Within an organisation, the management is a process of five fundamental functions, planning, controlling, organising, staffing and leading. Human Resource management (HRM) is the planned and logical approach to the management of an organisation especially in regards to its assets for example the staffs who independently contributes to the achievement of the business objectives. HRM is also the function that concentrates on the policies and practices that need to be carried out within the organisation, including recruiting screening, training, rewarding, and appraising and other such activities. Having HRM in a business is very essential and there are many reasons why it is important. If there is not an effective process of human resource management within an organisation there is a chance that many things that are not useful for the organisation could occur such as hiring an unsuitable person for the job, workers not doing their best, business time wasted with useless interviews and experiencing legal and labour issues. On the other hand, a good HRM system would allow the organisation to experience high turnover and give the organisation support in achieving good outcomes. HRM is a method of getting individuals and organisations together so that the goals and objectives of each are accomplished. There are a variety of characteristics of HRM which include it being present in all enterprises, it also focuses on results rather than on rules and policies and it tries to assist workers to fully develop their working potential. HRM also encourages workers to give their best to th e organisation and produce good results and it also helps an organisation meet its aims by building and maintaining good relations with people working at different levels in the organisation. In commercial organisations and businesses, the HRM is influenced by many different factors which also affect its strategy. These include: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Size of the workforce and arrangement à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Increasing expectations of employees à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Radical modifications in technology and life-style à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Environmental challenges à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Impact of new economic policies and political ideologies of the Government à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Existing culture in the organisation There are four common objectives of HRM: Societal objective: To be socially responsible for the needs and challenges of the society. Organizational objective: To recognize HRM exists to contribute to organizational effectiveness. Simply stated the department exists to serve the rest of the organization. Functional objective: to maintain the departments contribution at a level appropriate with the organizations needs. Resources are wasted when HR department is more or less sophisticated. Personal objective: To assist employees in achieving their personal goals, personal objectives of employees must be given importance in order to retain, maintain and motivate them. Literature review Under the Equality Act 2010 it is unlawful for an employer to discriminate against you because of your sex (DirectGov 2011). Men and women in the same employment have the right to equal pay for work of the same value. Define equal opportunities (200) Equal opportunity is a standard of non-discrimination which highlights the opportunities in education, employment and benefits, and also in other areas which should be freely available to all citizens in regards to their age, race, sex, religion, ethnic origin, or any other individual or group characteristic which is not related to ability, performance, and qualification. The right to equal opportunities is one that is given evenly to all. Since the Sex Discrimination Act 1975, there have been many issues raised of equal opportunities in the workplace for women. Equal opportunities is concerned with keeping within the law and ensuring that all personnel decisions concerning pay, recruitment and promotion are based only on an individuals ability to do their job well. This is achieved by pre-empting discrimination through a systematic policy approach to all aspects of personnel activities. Diversity is a more wide-reaching approach to equal opportunities work. It incorporates the princ iple that all workers should receive equal rights but, rather than ignoring the differences between people in terms of their gender and race, this diversity should be recognised and respected. By valuing the varying qualities that different workers bring to their job and organisation, managers may create an environment where everyone feels valued for their individual talents, and where his or her skills and competencies are fully utilised.Unleashing all employees full potential benefits the bottom line. Why it is important? Business are nowadays more interested in equal opportunities because it allows businesses to gain benefits. People are more attracted to businesses that have equal opportunities in place and have same policies in place for males and females. Over the past decades, gender inequalities has been an issue in the management system of organisations. This means that all employees are treated with fairness and respect in that they are not subject to discrimination or harassment in the workplace.Equal Opportunity is an outcome, not just a process. It is also very important to have equal opportunities set in the management of business as it attracts more clients, more customers and in turn more sales.   Factors that affect equal opportunities : Small to medium sized enterprises (SMEs) and family businesses do not really take into account equal opportunities. On the other hand, large organisations value the human resources system and equal opportunities very much and it is essential for the daily running of their business. Define managing diversity : Managing diversity effectively follows on from, and expands on, equal opportunities. Diversity may be defined as the presence of differences among members of a social unit. Embracing diversity brings to an organisation a wide range of experience, ideas and creativity whilst giving the individual employee a feeling of being enabled to work to their full potential. Managing diversity means establishing a heterogeneous workforce to carry out its potential in an reasonable work environment where no member or group of members has an advantage or a disadvantage (Torres and Bruxelles, 1992). The focus of the workforce diversity issue has diverged from equal employment opportunities to effectively managing workforce diversity as an organisational essential. Managers should be able to bind the issues of managing cultural differences to the needs of the business and be well rooted in business issues, goals and results. Managing the diversity in an organisation should be considered by managers as an opportunity to serve the requirements of customers better and also to influence new markets. By valuing and managing different workers, it is possible to enhance flexibility, creativity and quick response to change. Why is it important : Companies that manage diversity among their employees can get the most benefit out of each employees unique talents, experiences, insight and creativity. The successful management of workplace diversity reflects positively on a company. Many customers choose to do business with companies that are fair in both their hiring and promotional procedures. The companies that properly manage diversity within their organization can increase their chances of doing business with more diverse vendors and partners, even on an international level. Managing diversity means acknowledging peoples differences and recognizing these differences as valuable; it enhances good management practices by preventing discrimination and promoting inclusiveness. Good management alone will not necessarily help you work effectively with a diverse workforce. What problems women face in business especially management : Much as the public and business people would like it otherwise, women are still facing obstacles that men are not. Yes, they have made progress, but theres a lot more to be done before they can drop the phrase special challenges. Women have always taken part in the work force but have traditionally worked in lower-status jobs or at pay rates which are lower than men. For one point to consider, women are still working less than our male counterparts in management due to the male dominated. In a Boston Globe article titled, Gap shrinking, but women still working for less/Study cites gains; disparity lingers, 3/4/04, staff writer, Diane E. Lewis refers to a new study presented at the Federal Reserve Bank of Boston the previous day. She states, The pay gap between young men and women is smaller than its ever been, but women still face an uphill climb in the workplace. How equal opportunities overcome women problems in organisations : With equal opportunies in place women are being treated fairly and equally. It also eliminates discrimination and encourages consultation between employers and employees on any issues. Women have the right to work regardless of their colour, race, age or disability. There is no difference in pay or promotion. They are being treated the same. How managing diversity in HR overcomes women problems : Managing diversity is about valuing differences. Women are treated with dignity and allowed to perform to their level of ability. From the organisation perspective it means improved effectiveness and efficiency. Conclusion In summary, the management process within an organisation consists of five fundamental functions which are planning, controlling, organising, staffing and leading. To make management more effective and more directive in terms of the organisations workforce, human resource management is introduced into the organisation. HRM is the function that involves things such as recruiting, screening and policies.

Dual Language Programs Essays -- Bilingual Education, foreign language

Beyond English Development: Bilingual Approaches to Teaching Immigrant Students and English Language Learners What a feeling! Learning a new language gives individuals a new way of thinking and feeling. Learning a new kind of language involves having total commitment and total involvement from students and teachers. In the article, Beyond English Development: Bilingual Approaches to Teaching Immigrant Students and English Language Learners indicates there are various standard definitions that describe language (Billings, Martin-Beltran, and Hernandez, 2010). Language is used to communicate with others and is essentially human, but not limited to only human beings. As individuals learn English as their Second Language, they learn that language is acquired by all kinds of people in the same way. Mostly children can adapt and/or learn a foreign language better than adults due to children developing language and skills spontaneously (Honigsfield, 2009). Second language learners have variables such as memory, perception, acquisition, conscious and subconscious learning styles, and recall. Even though, second language learners have those instilled variables, it is imperative for the teachers to guide learning and set the conditions of learning. Bilingual Children with Primary Language Impairment: Issues, Evidence, and Implications for Clinical Actions In the article, Bilingual Children with Primary Language Impairment: Issues, Evidence, and Implications for Clinical Actions, Kohner (2010) indicate numerous school districts that have implemented bilingual programs to help the English Language Learners. Dual language programs enhance student outcomes and close the achievement gap of Second Language Learners (Coyoca and Lee, 2009... ... learners enjoy each others’ culture and life experiences as they relate to subject-areas (Nemeth, 2009). Conclusion The population of the United States increased with school age children speaking English as their second language. Strong community leaders and school districts are needed to ensure English language learners attend effective programs that teach them English and push them to graduate successfully (Buysse, Castro, and Peisner-Feinberg, 2010). School districts across America use their own approach to accommodate the learning of English language learners by having a single or combination of programs (Li and Edwards, 2010). Dual language programs allow children to collaborate in developmental levels such as cognitive with tasks in English and Spanish (Pascopella, 2011). English language learners and English proficient students learn from each other. Dual Language Programs Essays -- Bilingual Education, foreign language Beyond English Development: Bilingual Approaches to Teaching Immigrant Students and English Language Learners What a feeling! Learning a new language gives individuals a new way of thinking and feeling. Learning a new kind of language involves having total commitment and total involvement from students and teachers. In the article, Beyond English Development: Bilingual Approaches to Teaching Immigrant Students and English Language Learners indicates there are various standard definitions that describe language (Billings, Martin-Beltran, and Hernandez, 2010). Language is used to communicate with others and is essentially human, but not limited to only human beings. As individuals learn English as their Second Language, they learn that language is acquired by all kinds of people in the same way. Mostly children can adapt and/or learn a foreign language better than adults due to children developing language and skills spontaneously (Honigsfield, 2009). Second language learners have variables such as memory, perception, acquisition, conscious and subconscious learning styles, and recall. Even though, second language learners have those instilled variables, it is imperative for the teachers to guide learning and set the conditions of learning. Bilingual Children with Primary Language Impairment: Issues, Evidence, and Implications for Clinical Actions In the article, Bilingual Children with Primary Language Impairment: Issues, Evidence, and Implications for Clinical Actions, Kohner (2010) indicate numerous school districts that have implemented bilingual programs to help the English Language Learners. Dual language programs enhance student outcomes and close the achievement gap of Second Language Learners (Coyoca and Lee, 2009... ... learners enjoy each others’ culture and life experiences as they relate to subject-areas (Nemeth, 2009). Conclusion The population of the United States increased with school age children speaking English as their second language. Strong community leaders and school districts are needed to ensure English language learners attend effective programs that teach them English and push them to graduate successfully (Buysse, Castro, and Peisner-Feinberg, 2010). School districts across America use their own approach to accommodate the learning of English language learners by having a single or combination of programs (Li and Edwards, 2010). Dual language programs allow children to collaborate in developmental levels such as cognitive with tasks in English and Spanish (Pascopella, 2011). English language learners and English proficient students learn from each other.

Internet Use Essay

Introduction Learning is a process of acquiring modifications in existing knowledge, skills, habits, or tendencies through experience, practice, or exercise. (Merriam-Webster Dictionary, 2012) Clinical education is a vital component in the curricula of pre-registration nursing courses and provides student nurses with the opportunity to combine cognitive, psychomotor, and affective domains. Various studies have suggested that not all practice settings are able to provide nursing students with a positive learning environment. In order to maximize nursing students’ clinical learning outcomes, there is a need to examine the clinical learning environment. (Chan, 2004) Clinical experience has been the vital part of nursing education. According to Dunn and Burnette (1995), it is the avenue for the students to utilize the theories that they’ve learned in their discussion. It prepares student nurses to be able of â€Å"doing† as well as â€Å"knowing† the clinical principles in practice. The clinical practice stimulates students to use their critical thinking skills for problem solving. It is where the student nurses enhance their knowledge in nursing concepts and principles as well as to develop and improve their skills and attitude towards rendering quality of nursing services. Internet is a worldwide network that connects millions of computer and rapidly transforming the character of life and work. Internet gives tremendous impact on the conduct of every aspect in life especially in education. Nowadays, most of the students rely in the new trends brought by technology. When it comes to education, internet is the number one sour ce of the students in making school requirements. However, there are negative aspects too with regards in using internet, but if we use it enough in the right way, it will be a big help and easier for us to learn something new in just a click away. The internet, or sometimes called â€Å"The Net† is a worldwide system of computer network at any computer can get information from any other computers. (Gaylah, 2010) Regular use of computers can have an effect on student performance on standardized tests, according to a new study by researchers at Boston College and the University of Massachusetts at Lowell. Analyzing test performance and computers uses of 1986 fourth grade students from 55 classrooms in nine Massachusetts Comprehensive Assessment Systems (MCAS) English Language Arts Exam. According to federal communication commission, 97% of schools across the country had internet connectivity as of 2010 (FCC, 2010). Far fewer, were able to successfully meet the need from higher speed access, the FCC said, citing that demand as one reason it unveiled its National Broadband Plan in March 2010. A study of I. Kabakci, et al., about â€Å"Parents Views about Internet use of their Children† was revealed that parents consi der Internet as an important source that children can especially use to do research for their lessons and to do their homework. It was concluded that Internet influences the personal development of children negatively because children are exposed to physiological effects since they spend a lot of time on internet. The study of Kabacki et. Al., was all about Internet Use and Its Effect to Academic Performance but there was only limited study conducted about Internet and Clinical Performance of Nursing Students, thus, the Researchers would like to conduct a study about the Internet Use in Clinical Performance of Nursing Students to identify how student’s performance on clinical area would be affected with the use of internet and to fill the gap of the researcher’s curiosity about the said study. Statement of the Problem This study was intended to determine the effects of internet use of student nurses in relation to their clinical performance. Specifically, the study sought answers to the following: 1. What is the demographic profile of the respondents in terms of: 1.1 sex; 1.2 age; 1.3 year level; and 1.4 weekly allowance? 2. How often do student nurses use the Internet? 3. Is there a significant relationship between student nurses’ use of the Internet and their profile variates? 4. What is the clinical performance of the student nurse-respondents? 5. Is there a significant relationship between student-respondents’ clinical performance and profile variates? 6. Is there a significant relationship between Internet usage of student nurses and their clinical performance? 7. What are the implications can be drawn from the study? Hypotheses Based on the specific questions presented above, the following hypotheses were tested: 1. There is no significant relationship between student nurses’ use of the Internet and their profile variates. 2. There is no significant relationship between students-respondents clinical performance and profile variates. 3. There is no significant relationship between Internet use of student nurses and their clinical performance. Theoretical Framework Cognitive Theory of Multimedia Learning by Mayer where in the principle known as the multimedia principle states that â€Å"people learn more deeply from words and pictures than from words alone†(Mayer,1996 p.47). However, simply adding words to pictures is not an effective way to achieve multimedia learning. The goal is to instructional media in the light of how human mind works. This is the bases of Mayer’s cognitive theory of multimedia learning. This theory proposes three main assumptions when it comes to learning with multimedia: There are two separate channels, auditory and visual for processing information sometimes referred to as Dual-coding Theory; Each channel has a limited (finite) capacity similar to Sweller’s notion of cognitive; Learning is an active process of filtering, selecting, organizing and integrating information based upon prior knowledge. Humans can only process a finite amount of information in a channel at a time and they make of sense o f incoming information by acting creating mental representations. Mayer also discusses the role of three memory stores sensory (which receives stimuli and restores if for a very short time), working (where we actively process information to create mental constructs (or schema) and long-term (the repository of all things learned). Mayer’s Cognitive Theory of Multimedia presents the idea that the brain does not interpret a multimedia presentation of words, pictures and auditory information in a mutually exclusive fashion; rather these elements are selected organized dynamically to produce logical mental constructs. Furthermore, Mayer underscores the importance of learning (based upon the testing of content and demonstrating the successful transfer of knowledge) when new information is integrated with prior knowledge. Design principles include providing coherent verbal, pictorial information, guiding the learners to select relevant words and images and reducing the load for a sing processing channel etc. can be entailed from this theory. Experi mental Learning Theory by David A. Kolb emphasizes that the true play in the learning process. He states that â€Å"learning is a process is whereby knowledge is created through the transformation of experience† (1984, p.38). The theory presents a cyclical model of learning, consisting of four stages. One may begin at any stage, but must follow each other in the sequence: concrete experience (or â€Å"DO†), reflective observation (or â€Å"OBSERVE†), abstract conceptualization (or â€Å"THINK†), active experimentation (or â€Å"PLAN†). Kolb’s four-stage learning cycle shows how experience is translated through reflection into concepts, which in turn are used as guides for active experimentation and the choice of new experiences. The first stage, concrete experience (CE), is where the learner actively experiences an activity such as a lab session or field work. The second stage, reflective observation (RO), is when the learner consciously reflects back on that experience. The third stage, abstract conceptualization (AC), is where the le arner attempts to conceptualize a theory or model of what is observed. The fourth stage, active experimentation (AE), is where the learner is trying to plan how to test a model or theory or plan for a forthcoming experience. Kolb identified four learning styles which correspond to these stages. The styles highlight conditions under which learners learn better. These styles are: assimilators, who learn better when presented with sound logical theories to consider, convergers, who learn better when provided with practical applications of concepts and theories, accommodators, who learn better when provided with â€Å"hands-on† experiences, divergers, who learn better when allowed to observe and collect a wide range of information. Conceptual Framework Presented in the Figure 1 is the Conceptual Framework of the research study, a frame at the base of the diagram shows the study group or the research environment, 78 Student Nurses of Samar State University S.Y. 2012-2013. The said frame is connected to a bigger frame by a single arrow where it consist the research process. The aim of the study is to determine the relationship between the internet use of students and their profile variates, the internet use of students and clinical performance, and the relationship between the profile variates and clinical performance of the students. The frame for the research process is connected to the finding and analysis of the researcher and the implication which serves as a room of opportunity in the improvement of learning skills of student nurses.

Tim OBrien essays

Tim OBrien essays The terms fear and courage played a major role in the life experience of Tim O'Brien. Like most other young males who just graduated college, in 1968 after graduating from Macalester College in St. Paul, Minnesota, he sought different opportunities in hopes of becoming independent and gaining a career. Before these hopes of opportunity are realized, however, he receives notice that he has been drafted to the Vietnam War. He acknowledges the tragedies that may occur in war, and fears for his life. Generally courage is a way of overcoming fear. However, in O'Brien's supreme perspective, he reveals his extreme fear of courage. He finds himself in a "moral emergency" where he must analyze his perception of courage in order to make such a critical decision (901). After his analysis, he felt that as much as he feared loosing his life in war, he couldnt reveal that reason for not wanting to go to war to avoid any type of humiliation. He doubted his life if he pursued on with the process of war and therefore made excuses for himself to stay out. Because O'Brien didn't accept the challenge to follow his heart, he took the easy way out and went to war. His lack of courage forced him to live under the circumstance of not believing in him and theyre of continuing by facing the results of his fear of war. O'Brien compared his thoughts of fear and courage and believed that he had the potential to be full of courage, but does not realize the effort he must contribute. He doesnt realize that becoming independent is process he must go through in order to make a difference and solve his problems. He doesnt want to attend war because he fears it, what in the world can he do? Many can answer what they could do but OBrien was in doubt of what he could do for himself in order to be out of such of a dilemma. He writes "Courage, I seemed to think, comes to us in finite quantities, like an inheritance, and by being fru...

Battle of the Somme essays

Battle of the Somme essays The aim of this report is to give an overview of the battle of the Somme, and judge the extent to which it can be seen as a success or failure for the allies. The main part will describe the aims and the hidden intensions of the allies. It will also evaluate how far their plans were realized and where they failed. The victories and the defeats of both antagonists will be extensively discussed. Figures and objective circumstances will be analyzed to prove to what extent the battle was decisive for the final outcome of the First World War. Most sources were taken from texts, history books and internet sites which were used as a main source. The battle of the Somme was a joint offensive planned and executed by both the French and British. The idea came from Joseph Joffre, the French Commander and was accepted by Sir Douglas Haig who later took over the operation. It was an attack with the hope to make some kind of territorial gain, and took place in hope to destroy German lines. The French army had been forced to ask help from the British because of their losses in Verdun. This almost lost battle in Verdun caused the French to lose many of their resources. The main aim of the Germans in Verdun was To Bleed France Dry. They chose Verdun because of its symbolic value. A symbol of being a strategic area, which has been fought on for many years between France and Prussia, later to become Germany. The battle of the Somme started on Saturday July the 1st 1916. Haigs strategy was to do eight days of bombing in order to destroy the German front line. He used twenty-seven divisions against the Germans but there were many losses because the bombardment had failed to penetrate the German underground bunkers. Since the Germans were underground, not much had happened to them, while the Allies thought they were going to be able to just Cross the trench area. Haig did not realize that the Germans had spent two years ...

Appeal letter Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Appeal letter - Essay Example atments (December 2007, October 2008) iontotherapy 2008) inhalations (2008) antibiotic treatments ( November 2006, April 2007, October 2007, December 2007, February 2008, October 2008, April 2009, May 2009) and iontotherapy with 2 % calcium chloride and vaccine (2009) with situations when the first antibiotic series evidently failed to eliminate the problem and my ailment continued and resultantly had to visit one after another of the specialists. During this time I was repeatedly infected by bacteria: beta-h(a)emolytic streptococcus c, examinations carried out in 2007, 2008 and 2009, and thus had to take prescribed antibiotics (evidence provided). Throughout the period I had to travel back and forth between a number of physicians and health advisors which considerably drained my energies embalming which was vitally important to succeed in the program. For instance when I was first taken ill on __________ I had to go visit. Then again from there I had to go to _(name of doc)________ in _(location)_ As instances of the negative effect this had on my studies I consider courses, where part of the assessment was a group presentation, poster presentation or group reports and where I faced difficulties to attend group meetings and group work. Because of recurrence of infections I could afford less flexibility which in turn affected the aggregative performance of the group. I would thus argue that my performance was constrained by an unfortunately recurrent state of ill-health which prevented me from realizing my potential. I am convinced that if I did not have to go through the harrowing experience of continuously trying my level best all the while recognizing that my performance was being rendered sub-optimal by factors entirely beyond my control, I would have secured better grades. I do believe this strongly since I know how committed I have been to putting in the most sincere efforts which are reflected strongly in the following grades that I acquired in spite of

The Architecture of Race and Identity in the United States Essay

The Architecture of Race and Identity in the United States - Essay Example The American dream is an impressive ideology that has lured people to America and moved them around within it. It is that idea that has encouraged millions of immigrants to strive in horrible conditions against impossible odds for centuries. Most Americans celebrate it unthinkingly, along with apple pie and motherhood; criticism is usually limited to imperfections in its application. But like apple pie and motherhood, the American dream turns out to be less than perfect upon closer examination. President Clinton has captured the bundle of shared tenets about achieving success that make up the ideology of the American dream. Those tenets answer the questions: Who may pursue the American dream In what does the pursuit consist How does one successfully pursue the dream Why is the pursuit worthy of our deepest commitment Although describing each tenet in detail is beyond the scope of this essay, we have to look at the flaws intrinsic to this dream, to gain better understanding of its val idity and applicability in contemporary America. The first persuasion, which is that everyone can participate equally and can always start over, is troubling, as throughout most part of the American history, women of any race and men who were Native American, Asian, black, or just poor, were barred from all but a narrow range of elective positions. White men, especially European immigrants, able to ride the wave of the Industrial Revolution to comfort or prosperity, have always been the most valued members of the American society. Those who do not fit to that description, disappear from the collective self-portrait. The situation is that not only has the ideal of universal participation been denied to most Americans, but also the very fact of its denial is been denied in our national self-image. This state of things determines deep misunderstandings and correspondingly deep political tensions. In this essay, we will focus primarily on the first tenet. There is a huge population of Asian and Jewish immigrants who have carved a niche for themselves although there are a million others who have not succeeded. Media is laced with numerous success stories, but no one writes about those, who haven't used their golden chance, who live on welfare or charity. It would be tenable to imply that there are some qualities a person has to possess in order to become successful in the USA. Tocqueville's "Democracy in America" is reffered to as a classical work in sociology and political science. For modern Americans his observations that the president with, his almost royal prerogatives, will have a great need of virtue, are almost prophetic. Nowadays we see what is going on in Iraq, we observe the disenfranchising of voters in the USA, and, of course, we remember the "Patriot Act", which in effect repeals the Fourth Amendment. Thus we can conclude that Tocqueville was rightfully worried about the unlimited power of the majority, and its consequences. Many of his observations are as timeless and applicable as they were in his day. He stated : "Americans of all ages, all stations of life, and all types of disposition are forever forming associations...In democratic countries knowledge of how to combine is the mother of all other forms of knowledge; on its progress depends that of all the

A Narrative Inquiry Qualitative Research Approach Proposal

A Narrative Inquiry Qualitative Approach - Research Proposal Example Given that this minority group has been inadequately covered in research, their challenges have lacked the necessary attention that is crucial in ensuring that they make wise choices in their life. Research has pointed out that these students are inclined to face more challenges unless there is an intervention to streamline their decision making process. As this population continues to increase, it is necessary to provide research driven recommendations to help them overcome their challenges and resolve their problems. The main purpose of this research is to investigate the factors that lead to First Generation Students (FGS) in obtaining multiple graduate degrees; undergraduate, masters, PhD and Doctoral programs. By interviewing FGS persons who have acquired post graduate education, it is possible to obtain their experiences and assess the factors that have contributed to their achievements. With this information, the research will assist in the generation of viable motivational approaches that can assist other FGS students to earn success in their education. The principle behind this study is that enhancing educational development is one of the best ways to impact community advancement in the contemporary society. The research will follow a narrative inquiry approach in the synthesis of the fact underlying the academic achievements of the FGS. With this interpretive approach, it will be possible to obtain the experiences of the selected samples and synthesise possible way in which to encourage other FGS to follow suit. In the recent past, the topic on First Generation students has generated a lot of heat in the area of research that is concerned with academic development. Ward, Siegel & Davenport (2012) define First Generation college students as those students entering college and originate from a family where none of the parents or siblings have attained have graduated

Teen pregnancy Essay Example for Free

Teen pregnancy Essay Teenage pregnancy is a social problem that has existed for over a century and has always been a great concern to every nation due to the numerous adverse consequences it brings on both the economy and society at large. In the middle of the 70s, teenage pregnancy had reached an astronomical height that it was described as â€Å"epidemic† by the Alan Guttmacher Institute in a booklet entitled â€Å"11 Million Teenagers† which was widely circulated at the time (Gallagher, M. , 1999). This, in fact, put pressure on Congress at the time to pass a bill that would increase family planning fund by hundred percent as a strategy to curtail teenage pregnancy â€Å"epidemic† (Gallagher, M. , 1999). The rate of Teenage Pregnancy rose from 23. 9 births per 1000 single female teenagers in 1975 to 31. 4 in 1985, and to 46. 4 in 1994. In the last part of the 90s, the rate had dropped by16 percent. For teenagers between 15 and 19 years, the rate of teen pregnancy had dropped by 36 per cent by 2002 and 33 per cent by 2004 (Gallagher, M. , 1999). Until recent times, Teenage pregnancy was considered an abomination and a mockery to a family. It carried a stigma and a disgrace to the young mothers and their immediate families. The young mothers were often considered sinners and the children born out of wedlock were referred to as bastards or illegitimate. The horror and the disgrace that was immediately associated with giving birth to bastards or illegitimate children, kept teenage pregnancy at the lowest minimum (Sprague, C. , 2009). In the 20th Century, the attitude of society toward teen mothers and their children or teenage pregnancy in general changed; society looked at them with compassion. Soon the horror, the intimidation, and the stigma that surrounds teenage pregnancy dissipated. This has, in no simple terms, contributed to the current level of teen pregnancy in our society. Though the rate of Teenage Pregnancy has declined in the United States in the last decade, it is still considered high, relative to other developed countries such as Sweden, Great Britain, and Denmark. Teenage pregnancy is a real social problem that requires all and sundry in finding a lasting solution to it. What makes teen pregnancy a huge problem lies in the negative effects it brings. The purpose of this work is to discuss some of the effects of teenage pregnancy which include health issues, school dropouts and dependency on the public for economic support. One striking effect with teenage pregnancy is the high propensity for the pregnant teenager to suffer some health problems. Very often, teenagers who become pregnant try to hide their pregnancy from their parents and in so doing, they do not get the necessary medical attention that initial pregnancy requires or may use crude means to abort the baby which can result in bleeding and death. About 33% of pregnant teenagers do not receive proper prenatal care and monitoring (Sprague, C. , 2009). This can result in an increased risk of miscarriage, anemia and high blood pressure in the pregnant teenager. Also, children born to teenage mothers usually exhibit low birth weight which is accompanied with other health hazards like respiratory disease, bleeding in the brain, and intestinal problems. All these account for the high mortality rate for infants born to teenage mothers than those born to women older than 20. This will in effect put some financial demand on the families of the teenage mothers. Another effect that has captivated the attention of civil society is the rate at which pregnant teenagers drop out of school. Drop outs today are ill-effects for future labor force; a situation which can cause poverty and semi-illiterates which civil society considers very serious in the development of a nation. Research shows that between 30 to 35 per cent of pregnant teenagers drop out of school compared to the 6 per cent of non-pregnant teenagers (Sprague, C. , 2009). Dropping out of school has an inherent effect on the teenage mothers; the early pregnancy deprives them of getting the necessary education and skills that will ensure them of rewarding and stable jobs. Finding a regular source of income therefore, becomes extremely difficult for teenage mothers as every job position requires certain skills. Their inabilities to secure jobs lead them to falling on the public for financial support. Finally, pregnant teenagers are likely to encounter abject poverty if they do not have a strong financial backing from their parents. Surprisingly, a higher percentage of these teens come from either broken home or staying with single parents, and are already living in poverty (Gallagher, M). Also, most of these teens are unmarried and likely to be single mothers which will cause them to face further acute economic hardships than if they were married. The only alternative at their disposal to partially solving their economic predicaments in the short run is to seek public assistance; that is, relying on welfare which includes food stamp. Over 80 per cent of teen mothers go on welfare within three years of giving birth (Sprague, C. , 2009). If the teen mother does not go back to school to attain any profession which is mostly the case, their daughters are more likely to become teen mothers and it becomes a vicious cycle. There are numerous effects of teenage pregnancy but the limit of this paper cannot exhaust all of them. In conclusion, teenage pregnancy is one source that can cause health, economic and educational setbacks not only in the lives of teenagers who allow them to be impregnated but generations down the â€Å"road†. All these can be averted if teenagers are taught abstinence from early sex until they have at least completed high school or attained age of 20. Where the teenagers are uncontrollable, they must be advice to use protections such as condoms but one thing is that condom is not 100 percent safe. There has been instances where condoms have torn and causing pregnancy. References